The different transport modes vary largely on what effects they have on accidents, pollution and efficient use of space. Motorized individual traffic (cars and lorries/trucks) causes most accidents, pollution and non-efficient use of space in cities worldwide and in Munich alike. The council of the City of Munich decided to reduce the share of trips of motorized individual traffic in the modal split to under 20% by 2025. This means the share of public transport, cycling and pedestrian traffic should should rise to over 80%.
In order to achieve this, the city has to perform various activities in improving infrastructure for public transport, cycling and pedestrians, in changing the pricing policy for parking and traffic flow, in making mobility management etc.
As the city mostly cannot simply say to the citizens “Please use less cars”, the important approach is to reduce the need for traffic by cars and lorries in cities in general and in Munich in particular. The reduction of the need for cars can include the objective need as well as the subjective need for car traffic by each individual or shop owner. The reduction of the need for cars also helps to get acceptance among citizens for the change towards clean and sustainable traffic.
The change of need for the use of cars and lorries can apply on town planning, on shortening distances to shops, work places, education, leisure, on changing shopping habit, on making alternative transport modes more attractive, on making car/bike sharing more attractive, on changing the way goods logistics are done, on changing working habits, etc.
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How can we reduce the need for traffic by cars and lorries in cities in general and in Munich in particular? Solutions could focus on:
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